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Discussed also:                           Light_spectrum.svg  (copied from wikipedia )

Two-electron atoms; Slater determinant for 2 particles

Here we show the evaluation of EXPECTATION VALUE of energy
we obtain the exchange interaction in formal way
We shall repeat this once more as special case of "many electron atom" with many=two


_00_slater_determinant_Helium.png



Hylleraas variational function   (made by hylleraas.tex.txt )


__0_Hylleraas_variational_function.png

Variational method: the parameters  are k in the exponential and all the unknown coefficients cl,2m,n
Variational method - conditions for minimum give necessary number of simultaneous equations.
The system of equations must be solved to get the values of the unknown parameters


Many electron atoms



aufbau-empty.png 
    
aufbau.png
  

Binding energies of atoms with changing Z

Ionization_energies.png

Model for selfconsistent field

Interaction of 1 electron with a "cloud" of charge - the other electrons.
First we consider interaction of one electron with a another charge. Assume density distribution. Charge in one volume element.
Sum - or integrate over the whole space

0_electron_electron_cloud.png
Independen Z-1 electrons - probability of meeting any electron - sum over probability of each of them (not multiply here, sum!)

Constructing the density for arbitrary Z orbitals. Start e.g. with hydrogen-like orbitals.
(Why Z and not Z-1 It should be Z-1, this is an approximative treatment - to have one
potential for all orbitals.
Outlined is the SELFCONSISTENT field approach - ITERATION
1_selfconsistent_field.png

Outlined is the SELFCONSISTENT field approach - ITERATION - and WHEN TO STOP ...

2_selfconsistency_condition.png




SELF CONSISTENT FIELD     SCF
used in atomic and molecular physics, theoretical chemistry (quantum chemistry)


Extra files in this position:                               Light_spectrum.svg                            hylleraas.tex.txt


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